HSK 6 Prepositions (coverbs)
以 + 名词 (+来) + 动词
Instrumental 以 (with / by means of)
Structure 以 + instrument/means (+来) + verb
以 (yǐ) introduces the INSTRUMENT or MEANS by which something is done: "with, by means of, through". 以事实说明问题 = "to explain the problem with facts". When the link to the purpose verb is made more explicit, 来 is added: 以行动来证明 = "to prove it through action". This 以 is highly productive in cultured language and is the core of many written compounds (以…为主, 以此, 以便). Unlike colloquial 用 ("use X to…"), 以 is more abstract and formal and rarely takes bare physical objects.
Examples
- 我们应当以事实说明问题。
We should explain the problem with facts.
- 他以行动来证明自己的诚意。
He proved his sincerity through action.
- 这篇文章以小见大,发人深省。
This essay uses the small to reveal the large, and is thought-provoking.
- 政府决定以法律手段解决纠纷。
The government decided to settle the dispute by legal means.
Levels are indicative: they follow the standard Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning) progression, not an official HSK 3.0 mapping. We never assign levels by eye.