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HSK 6 Prepositions (coverbs)

以 + 名词 (+来) + 动词

Instrumental 以 (with / by means of)

Structure 以 + instrument/means (+来) + verb

以 (yǐ) introduces the INSTRUMENT or MEANS by which something is done: "with, by means of, through". 以事实说明问题 = "to explain the problem with facts". When the link to the purpose verb is made more explicit, 来 is added: 以行动来证明 = "to prove it through action". This 以 is highly productive in cultured language and is the core of many written compounds (以…为主, 以此, 以便). Unlike colloquial 用 ("use X to…"), 以 is more abstract and formal and rarely takes bare physical objects.

Examples

  • menyīngdāngshìshíshuōmíngwèn

    We should explain the problem with facts.

  • xíngdòngláizhèngmíngdechéng

    He proved his sincerity through action.

  • zhèpiānwénzhāngxiǎojiànrénshēnxǐng

    This essay uses the small to reveal the large, and is thought-provoking.

  • zhèngjuédìngshǒuduànjiějuéjiūfēn

    The government decided to settle the dispute by legal means.

Levels are indicative: they follow the standard Chinese Grammar Wiki (AllSet Learning) progression, not an official HSK 3.0 mapping. We never assign levels by eye.

This point and the other 370, with audio on every example, inside Wanyu.

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